Grind size effects on flow

How grind particle size influences water flow, extraction efficiency, and flavor balance in brewed coffee.

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Article 7 of 12 in Brewing Physics & Extraction Theory/
Grind size effects on flow

Grind Size Effects on Flow

  • Finer Grind:

  • Slows water flow through the coffee bed.

  • Increases contact time between water and coffee particles.

  • Can increase extraction yield but risks over-extraction if brew time or temperature is not adjusted.

  • Coarser Grind:

  • Water flows more quickly, reducing contact time.

  • May under-extract, leading to weak, sour, or grassy flavors.

  • Useful for methods with longer brew times (e.g., French press, cold brew) to prevent over-extraction.

  • Consistency:

  • Uniform particle size ensures even flow and predictable extraction.

  • Mixed particle sizes (bimodal distribution) can cause channeling and uneven extraction.

  • Method-Specific Guidelines:

  • Espresso: very fine grind for high-pressure, short-contact extraction.

  • Pour-over: medium grind for balanced flow and extraction.

  • French press: coarse grind for long steeping without over-extraction.

  • Practical Considerations:

  • Adjust grind in small increments; small changes significantly affect flow rate and flavor.

  • Monitor flow visually or with timing (e.g., pour-over brew duration, espresso shot timing).

  • Combine grind adjustment with dose, water temperature, and agitation for optimal results.

  • Outcome:

  • Proper grind size tuning is essential for achieving desired strength, flavor clarity, and extraction consistency across brewing methods.

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Coffee Basics Nerds

Written by : Coffee Basics Nerds

Expert coffee historians and brewing enthusiasts dedicated to sharing the rich heritage and techniques behind your perfect cup of coffee.

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