Quality tiers and specialty instant
The different quality tiers in instant coffee production, how specialty instant differs from commodity products, and the innovations driving this segment.
Arabica quality
Breeding goals: quality, yield, resilience
This topic explains the main goals of modern coffee breeding—improving cup quality, increasing yield, and enhancing resilience—and how these often competing priorities shape the future of coffee.
Castillo and disease resistance breeding
This topic explains the development of the Castillo variety in Colombia, its role in combating coffee leaf rust, and the broader importance of disease resistance breeding in coffee sustainability.
Phenology: flowering, fruit set, maturation
This topic explains the phenological cycle of the coffee plant—how it flowers, sets fruit, and matures—and why these stages are critical for yield, quality, and farm management.
Genetics, polyploidy, and inheritance
This topic explores the genetic makeup of coffee species, how polyploidy shaped Arabica’s evolution, and why inheritance patterns are key to breeding programs and future resilience.
Arabica vs Canephora (Robusta) vs Liberica/Excelsa
This topic compares the three main commercial coffee species—Arabica, Robusta (Canephora), and Liberica/Excelsa—covering their genetics, cultivation environments, bean traits, flavor profiles, and market roles.