Water relations and drought tolerance
This topic explores how coffee plants manage water, how drought affects their physiology and productivity, and the strategies farmers use to improve resilience in water-limited environments.
Climate change
Genetics, polyploidy, and inheritance
This topic explores the genetic makeup of coffee species, how polyploidy shaped Arabica’s evolution, and why inheritance patterns are key to breeding programs and future resilience.
Arabica vs Canephora (Robusta) vs Liberica/Excelsa
This topic compares the three main commercial coffee species—Arabica, Robusta (Canephora), and Liberica/Excelsa—covering their genetics, cultivation environments, bean traits, flavor profiles, and market roles.
Genus Coffea and major species overview
This topic introduces the genus Coffea, explains its major species, and outlines their biological traits, cultivation differences, and global significance.