Higher yield

Traditional Italian vs modern light roast espresso

Traditional Italian vs modern light roast espresso

The key differences between traditional Italian espresso and modern light roast espresso, including roast profiles, extraction parameters, and sensory outcomes.

Iterative optimization process

Iterative optimization process

How to use an iterative optimization process to refine coffee recipes through systematic adjustments, measurements, and sensory feedback.

Planting density and spacing

Planting density and spacing

This topic explains how planting density and spacing affect coffee growth, yield, and quality, and provides guidelines for optimizing farm layout under different conditions.

Hybrid development and F1 hybrids

Hybrid development and F1 hybrids

This topic explains how coffee hybrids are developed, the role of F1 hybrids in combining resilience and quality, and their significance for the future of global coffee cultivation.

Castillo and disease resistance breeding

Castillo and disease resistance breeding

This topic explains the development of the Castillo variety in Colombia, its role in combating coffee leaf rust, and the broader importance of disease resistance breeding in coffee sustainability.