Preinfusion timing and pressure
How preinfusion timing and pressure influence espresso extraction, flow dynamics, and final cup quality.
Low pressure
Pressure and flow profiling curves
How pressure and flow profiling curves influence espresso extraction, and how baristas and researchers use them to optimize flavor and consistency.
Common repairs and diagnostics
The most frequent espresso machine repair issues, how to diagnose them, and best practices for resolving them safely.
Preinfusion and blooming espresso
How preinfusion and blooming techniques affect espresso puck saturation, extraction uniformity, and flavor outcomes.
Pressure, temperature, and flow
How pressure, temperature, and flow interact to control espresso extraction and flavor balance.