Preinfusion and blooming espresso
How preinfusion and blooming techniques affect espresso puck saturation, extraction uniformity, and flavor outcomes.
Reduces channeling
Pressure, temperature, and flow
How pressure, temperature, and flow interact to control espresso extraction and flavor balance.
Advanced agitation techniques
How different agitation methods influence extraction uniformity, clarity, and body in filter brewing.
Agitation, turbulence, and channeling
How movement of water through coffee grounds affects extraction uniformity, flavor, and potential defects.