Waste management and composting
How waste is generated across the coffee supply chain, strategies for managing it responsibly, and the role of composting in circular sustainability.
Soil fertility
Fairtrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance, UTZ
The major coffee certification schemes—Fairtrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance, and UTZ—their goals, standards, and impact on farmers, the environment, and consumers.
Weed control and mulching
This topic explains the importance of weed management and mulching in coffee farming, showing how these practices improve plant health, conserve resources, and boost sustainability.
Planting density and spacing
This topic explains how planting density and spacing affect coffee growth, yield, and quality, and provides guidelines for optimizing farm layout under different conditions.
Wind exposure and shelterbelts
This topic explains how wind affects coffee plants, the risks of excessive exposure, and how shelterbelts and windbreaks are used to protect plantations and improve sustainability.
Shade-grown vs full sun systems
This topic explores the differences between shade-grown and full sun coffee cultivation systems, their impact on yield, quality, biodiversity, and long-term sustainability.