Cost of production and living income
How to assess the cost of coffee production at origin and why achieving a living income for farmers is central to sustainability and market ethics.
Term sustainability
Futures, hedging, and risk
How futures contracts, hedging strategies, and risk management function in the global coffee market, protecting both buyers and sellers from price volatility.
Climate change adaptation on farms
How coffee farmers are adapting to climate change through agricultural practices, crop diversification, and resilience strategies.
Spot vs forward purchasing
This topic explains the difference between spot and forward purchasing in green coffee trade, their advantages and risks, and how buyers and producers use them to manage supply and pricing.
Wind exposure and shelterbelts
This topic explains how wind affects coffee plants, the risks of excessive exposure, and how shelterbelts and windbreaks are used to protect plantations and improve sustainability.
Shade-grown vs full sun systems
This topic explores the differences between shade-grown and full sun coffee cultivation systems, their impact on yield, quality, biodiversity, and long-term sustainability.