SCA water quality targets
Understand the Specialty Coffee Association’s recommended water parameters for optimal extraction and flavor balance.

- Coffee Basics Nerds
- 1 min read

Key SCA Water Quality Parameters
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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): 75–250 ppm
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Ensures minerals are sufficient for extraction without overpowering flavor.
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Total Hardness (as CaCO₃): 50–175 ppm
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Balanced hardness supports proper extraction and sweetness.
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Total Alkalinity (as CaCO₃): 40–75 ppm
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Controls buffering capacity, preserving desirable acidity.
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pH: 6.5–7.5
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Neutral to slightly acidic water avoids off-flavors.
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Chlorine & Chloramines: <0.1 ppm
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Prevents undesirable taste and aroma.
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Sodium: <30 ppm
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High sodium can mask coffee flavors.
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Silica: <30 ppm
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Excess can lead to scale buildup in equipment.
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Temperature: Room temperature (for brewing and measuring consistency).
Practical Tip: Using SCA targets as a guideline helps baristas and roasters maintain consistency across brewing methods and ensure flavor clarity.